The vacuum system consists of vacuum pumps, pressure stabilization tanks, gas–liquid separators, and connecting pipelines. The vacuum pump generates a vacuum, which is then distributed to each sand box via a vacuum distributor, providing sufficient suction to prevent the mold sand from collapsing during pouring.
I. System Components and Functions
1. Vacuum Pump
The 2BE series water-ring vacuum pumps are high-efficiency, energy-saving products developed by our company based on years of research, production experience, and advanced imported technologies.
- Function: Used to extract air or other non-corrosive, water-insoluble gases to create a vacuum or maintain process-required pressure in a sealed container.
- Purpose in Casting: Provides the vacuum needed during pouring, ensuring a stable vacuum field in the sand boxes.
2. Pressure Stabilization Tank & Gas–Liquid Separator
- Function: Filters solid particles from the extracted gas using water, stabilizes vacuum pressure, separates gas and water, and further removes solids from the air before discharge to prevent air pollution.
- Benefits: Maintains a stable and reliable vacuum; the vacuum pump operates efficiently with low wear, high durability, and easy maintenance.
3. Application in Sand Boxes
- Vacuum extraction removes air between sand grains, compacting the sand and forming a stable mold inside the sealed sand box.
- During casting:
- Accelerates gas evacuation and reduces total gas volume.
- Lowers gas pressure at the metal–mold interface.
- Speeds up the advancing metal flow front, improving mold filling.
- Reduces surface carbon defects.
- Suppresses combustion of foam pattern materials, promoting gasification.
- Improves the environment, increases metal fluidity, moldability, and clarity of casting contours.
- Higher vacuum levels further suppress foam pattern combustion, accelerate pyrolysis and decomposition, shorten residence time of pyrolysis products in high-temperature zones, and reduce the likelihood of deep pyrolysis.
II. 2BE Series Water-Ring Vacuum Pump Parameters
| Model |
Pumping Capacity (m³/min) |
Max Vacuum (Pa / MPa) |
Speed (r/min) |
Power (kW) |
| 2BE1-252 |
20.5 – 34.7 |
3300 / -0.097 |
565 – 920 |
30 – 75 |
| 2BE1-253 |
29 – 49.7 |
3300 / -0.097 |
565 – 920 |
45 – 90 |
| 2BE1-303 |
43.3 – 70 |
3300 / -0.097 |
472 – 790 |
55 – 132 |
| 2BE1-353 |
58 – 96.3 |
3300 / -0.097 |
372 – 660 |
75 – 160 |
| 2BE3-400 |
75 – 140 |
16,000 / -0.085 |
300 – 610 |
75 – 220 |
| 2BE3-420 |
92 – 192 |
16,000 / -0.085 |
300 – 610 |
110 – 315 |
Note: Pumping capacity, speed, and power are ranges. The performance of a single water-ring vacuum pump varies with its rotational speed.
Example: Model 2BE1-253-820 (speed) – 75 kW has a maximum pumping capacity of 42.7 m³/min.
This system ensures stable vacuum creation, optimal sand compaction, improved casting quality, and environmental safety in lost foam and precision casting processes.
